Crypto OS
Technical Crypto OS

Introduction to Part B

Technical Crypto OS—read chains, write contracts, build systems, and deliver a product running on mainnet.

For people who already write code. The goal is to independently understand and build a complete on-chain system.

Prerequisites

Part A chapters 1–12. This is a real requirement:

  • Without understanding that assets live in on-chain state and wallets manage keys, you cannot implement signatures and approvals correctly.
  • Without understanding blockspace as a market, you cannot understand what gas optimization optimizes.
  • Without understanding probabilistic finality, your frontend will mistake “broadcast” for “successful.”

Engineers usually need only one week for these twelve chapters.

Six stages

Stage 1 · T1–T6
Blockchain Developer Mental Model

Develop a builder's perspective: what is actually stored on-chain, and what happens between code and confirmation of a transaction?

Stage deliverable: A command-line tool that reads blocks and accounts, parses a transaction, and prints state changes.

Stage 2 · T7–T12
Smart Contract Engineering

Write, test, and deploy usable contracts and programs under both the EVM and Solana models.

Stage deliverable: A fully tested token contract, deployed to testnet with source code verified in a block explorer.

Stage 3 · T13–T18
Full-stack Onchain Application

Turn a contract into a product: wallet, frontend transaction state, backend, database, indexing, and real-time updates.

Stage deliverable: A full-stack dApp: connect a wallet, send transactions, index events, and refresh in real time.

Stage 4 · T19–T24
DeFi Engineering

Implement AMMs, routing, oracles, lending, and perpetuals from math through code, and understand MEV.

Stage deliverable: A runnable AMM and router, with tests for slippage, fees, and liquidation.

Stage 5 · T25–T30
Infrastructure & Security

Turn on-chain data into a queryable system and protect funds with threat models and invariants.

Stage deliverable: A threat model and invariant checklist, with fuzzing tests and monitoring alerts.

Stage 6 · T31–T36
AI × Crypto Engineering

Let the model participate in decisions without controlling funds: separate proposal, validation, simulation, execution, and audit.

Stage deliverable: An on-chain agent with a wallet, budget, strategy engine, and audit log.

T1–T36

ChapterTitleCore question
T1What exactly is blockchain data?What is actually stored on a chain?
T2Cryptography fundamentalsHow can a signature prove “it is me”?
T3A transaction from code to chainFrom construction to confirmation, what must the code do?
T4What is RPC?Who is your dApp really talking to?
T5EVM Account ModelWhat is the difference between an EOA and a contract account?
T6Solana Account ModelWhy don't Solana programs store their own data?
T7Solidity fundamentalsWhat form does a contract take once deployed on-chain?
T8Inside the EVMWhy can the same assignment statement cost 100 times more gas?
T9ERC StandardsWhat problem do standards actually solve?
T10Solana ProgramWithout contract storage, how does a program remember state?
T11Token ProgramWhy isn't a Solana token a standalone contract?
T12Testing & DeploymentHow can you catch problems before real money is spent?
T13Wallet ConnectionWhat actually happens when you log in to a dApp?
T14Web3 FrontendWhat should the interface show during the seconds while a transaction awaits confirmation?
T15Backend for CryptoIf the data is already on-chain, why do we need a backend?
T16Databases and on-chain dataHow should on-chain data be stored in a database?
T17IndexerWhat happens to your data after a chain reorganization?
T18Realtime SystemHow can you push on-chain changes to users in real time?
T19AMMs: from math to codeWhat does x·y=k look like in code?
T20DEX ArchitectureHow many layers does one swap pass through?
T21OracleHow does a chain know the outside price?
T22Lending ProtocolWhen must the liquidation engine outrun the market?
T23Perp DEXHow do margin, funding rates, and a risk engine form a system?
T24MEVWho saw your transaction before it entered a block?
T25Blockchain Data InfrastructureHow can you turn all on-chain data into a queryable warehouse?
T26Cross-chainIs an asset still the same asset after crossing chains?
T27Account AbstractionCan users stay safe without holding private keys directly?
T28Smart Contract SecurityThe code was correct, so why was it still stolen?
T29Protocol SecurityWhat can attackers do with money alone, without exploiting a bug?
T30AuditWhat does an audit actually examine?
T31AI-assisted Crypto DevelopmentCan an AI-written contract go to mainnet?
T32Reliable AI ArchitectureHow can the model participate in decisions without controlling funds?
T33Tool-using Crypto AgentHow can agents really use on-chain tools?
T34Agent Wallet & PaymentWhich safety switches should an agent's wallet have?
T35DeFi AgentWhat checks must an agent pass before rebalancing?
T36Autonomous Onchain EconomyWhere are the boundaries of a system that can earn and spend money on its own?

Two parallel threads

Each stage presents both EVM and Solana models. Comparison is the fastest way to understand a model. Seeing Solana require transactions to declare which accounts they touch in advance makes the meaning of the EVM's global state machine much clearer.

Choose one as your main platform and learn to read the other.

After the course

Complete the Build an Onchain Economy capstone, then enter the T-series Career Tracks.

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